Well, if you have sufficient karma, it is possible to ignore the engineering specifications and operate the filter at any current you so desire. The only reason there are 2A and 10A continuous current models is to guarantee operation at those currents. There are coils (inductors) inside the EMI filter whose wire resistance dissipates power, said power increasing as the square of the current. Exceed the manufacturer's specifications for maximum current at your own risk.
It is also possible that higher than specified current may cause saturation of the magnetic core (usually a toroid made of a ferrite material) of the inductor, which will lower its effective inductance and reduce the effectiveness of the EMI filtering.
Good engineering practice does not push the envelope of device performance if reliability and long service life are important considerations, which they should be. You are already pushing the performance envelope by using a 2A rated component with a 1.7A continuous load. But if it is your desire to cut corners for maximum profit, go ahead and do so. You might even catch up with other Asian vendors who have been doing the same for years now. The device you specified is MIL-SPEC qualified. They don't hand those out like gum drops, but you generally get what you pay for from reliable manufacturers: quality parts, conservative design, and high reliability as long as you stay within the design envelope.