Sir csf2020 . . . . .
Mah fren' . . . . . .what you has yerselfs there . . . is a scorched carbon film resistor.
Initially just place an ohmmeter across its two leads to see what you possibly might read between its two leads . . . hoping that switches associated with it might be keeping any resistive shunting of it by another component(s). Ergo an impossible verification of its TRUE ohmmic value.
To burn like it has . . . . it must be at or below a 10 ohms value . . .considering that specified 9-12 VDC spec on the motor /supply.
Correct me if wrong . . . but dont you start the turntable by lifting the tone arm from its rest and the motor starts then you place the arm on the start of fthe record lead in grooves. . . it plays thru . . .and then the end of the record is detected by the small microswitch (marked with 1A 125V AC) with its 2 black leads being mechanically activated by a lever.
What looks to be a LARGER switch is the BLACK unit with RED wwires and PCB identified as SW2 and is being vewy-vewy-VEWY close to your fried resistor.
If you never got a low ohmmic reading on the existant resistor and you got an open reading or HIGH one , you need access to the foil side of that circuit board.
See if that 17VDC which you mention is connected to either side of that burnt resistor, there might be a regulated supply that feeds the motor and it has lost regulation and is feeding excess voltage to the motor supply.
If receiving 12 V that overloading of the resistor would seem likely of a motor problem, and they usually incorporate a power ttransistor in their speed control circuitry.
Confirm that your unit has one on the back of the terminal board of he motor and use these references of the motor, of which one of the sites has 7 different motor shots and the transistor can be seen on one of those photos.
https://picclick.com/Record-Player-Turntable-Drone-Parts-Electric-Motor-Engine-143166171698.html
https://www.ebay.com/itm/143166171698
Come back with your feedback and then we see which direction we need to go.
73's de Edd
Some of it . . . plus the rest of it . . . is all of it.