R
Radium
- Jan 1, 1970
- 0
Hi:
Sorry, I had to start a new thread on the same subject, because some
imbecile decided to add OT crap.
I am asking a technical question. No offense but please don't bring in
irrelevant topics [such as budget]. I was asking in terms of quality
for human auditory perception.
What are the maximum *practical* limits of the following for an FM
synth:
1. Number of voices:
2. Operators per voice:
3. Number of channels**:
**Yamaha's OPL3 has 18 channels
quote from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamaha_YMF262 :
"Twice as many channels (18 instead of 9)"
Obviously the "40,000-voice, 4,000-operators-per-voice, 10,000-
channeled" [described in many of my previous posts] would be well
above the *practical* limits.
If you think, that the highest frequency a human can hear is 20 KHz,
you are so so wrong.
For the ignorants who believe the obviously-false conventional myth
that humans can't hear pitches above 20 KHz, please read the stuff
below:
On the Threshold of Discovery
NATHANIEL HECHT
SCIENTISTS HAVE QUOTED NUMBERS CONCERNING THE RANGE OF human frequency
perception for years. But it was Drs. Fletcher and Munson, back in the
1920s, who tested thousands of people and stated that humans hear
frequencies from around 20 Hz to 20 kHz. These numbers have been
drummed into our professional collective consciousness by text books,
psychology departments, audio training and manufacturer specs for so
long that, for many years, no one really questioned them.
Yet it has been long understood that musical instruments obtain their
unique sound characteristics due to harmonics or overtones that
require an extended range of frequencies? beyond the instrument's
perceived frequency range. Spectral analysis has proven the presence
of overtone series well above 20 kHz with many instruments? and even
human speech? showing partials up to 40 kHz, and up to 100 kHz for
triangles and cymbals. (J. Boyk, ?There's Life Above 20kHz ? A Survey
of Musical Instrument Spectra to 102.4kHz,? http://www.cco.caltech.edu/~boyk.)
Furthermore, a researcher named Oohashi tested subjects to determine
how brain wave activity is affected by ultrasonic frequencies.
(High-Frequency Sound Above the Audible Range Affects Brain Activity,
AES Preprint No. 3207.) He determined that under blind conditions his
subjects were responding to ultrasonic frequencies up to 60 kHz!
Oohashi determined that the mechanism for transmission was bone
conductivity to a small organ in the inner ear called the saccule,
which is wired to the cochlea, the organ responsible for the majority
of hearing perception in humans.
Another theory of ultrasonic hearing involves the rhythmic pulsation
of the cilia in the inner ear. Prior to the observation of this
pulsing, it was widely understood that the cilia of the inner ear
would vibrate at different frequencies of perception allowing the
cochlea to receive these signals. But when the cilia pulse as a group
or groups, the theory is that this pulse is in response to frequencies
well above the currently accepted audible range.
There are also theories on the way the brain uses ultrasonic
frequencies. It has been proven that profoundly deaf people use
ultrasonic detection to accurately perceive speech and tone (M.
Lenhardt, et. al., ?Ultrasonic Speech Perception,? Science, Vol. 253,
July 1991). Recent theories postulate that ultrasonic frequencies
provide directional cues to non-deaf brains as well. If proven, they
could have wide-ranging implications for any program designed for
placement, such as surround sound effects and sound mixes for various
media. Further exploration into human ultrasonic perception could
change the way manufacturers design their products. Many researchers
are keeping quiet, waiting for more data before presenting their
findings, but we're bound to hear more about this research, and S&VC
will, of course, present the news as it breaks. (Thanks to Dr. Paul
Mills, chief engineer at Tannoy Limited, for additional information.)
Any assistance, understanding, and cooperation on this matter are
greatly appreciated.
Thanks,
Radium
Sorry, I had to start a new thread on the same subject, because some
imbecile decided to add OT crap.
I am asking a technical question. No offense but please don't bring in
irrelevant topics [such as budget]. I was asking in terms of quality
for human auditory perception.
What are the maximum *practical* limits of the following for an FM
synth:
1. Number of voices:
2. Operators per voice:
3. Number of channels**:
**Yamaha's OPL3 has 18 channels
quote from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamaha_YMF262 :
"Twice as many channels (18 instead of 9)"
Obviously the "40,000-voice, 4,000-operators-per-voice, 10,000-
channeled" [described in many of my previous posts] would be well
above the *practical* limits.
If you think, that the highest frequency a human can hear is 20 KHz,
you are so so wrong.
For the ignorants who believe the obviously-false conventional myth
that humans can't hear pitches above 20 KHz, please read the stuff
below:
On the Threshold of Discovery
NATHANIEL HECHT
SCIENTISTS HAVE QUOTED NUMBERS CONCERNING THE RANGE OF human frequency
perception for years. But it was Drs. Fletcher and Munson, back in the
1920s, who tested thousands of people and stated that humans hear
frequencies from around 20 Hz to 20 kHz. These numbers have been
drummed into our professional collective consciousness by text books,
psychology departments, audio training and manufacturer specs for so
long that, for many years, no one really questioned them.
Yet it has been long understood that musical instruments obtain their
unique sound characteristics due to harmonics or overtones that
require an extended range of frequencies? beyond the instrument's
perceived frequency range. Spectral analysis has proven the presence
of overtone series well above 20 kHz with many instruments? and even
human speech? showing partials up to 40 kHz, and up to 100 kHz for
triangles and cymbals. (J. Boyk, ?There's Life Above 20kHz ? A Survey
of Musical Instrument Spectra to 102.4kHz,? http://www.cco.caltech.edu/~boyk.)
Furthermore, a researcher named Oohashi tested subjects to determine
how brain wave activity is affected by ultrasonic frequencies.
(High-Frequency Sound Above the Audible Range Affects Brain Activity,
AES Preprint No. 3207.) He determined that under blind conditions his
subjects were responding to ultrasonic frequencies up to 60 kHz!
Oohashi determined that the mechanism for transmission was bone
conductivity to a small organ in the inner ear called the saccule,
which is wired to the cochlea, the organ responsible for the majority
of hearing perception in humans.
Another theory of ultrasonic hearing involves the rhythmic pulsation
of the cilia in the inner ear. Prior to the observation of this
pulsing, it was widely understood that the cilia of the inner ear
would vibrate at different frequencies of perception allowing the
cochlea to receive these signals. But when the cilia pulse as a group
or groups, the theory is that this pulse is in response to frequencies
well above the currently accepted audible range.
There are also theories on the way the brain uses ultrasonic
frequencies. It has been proven that profoundly deaf people use
ultrasonic detection to accurately perceive speech and tone (M.
Lenhardt, et. al., ?Ultrasonic Speech Perception,? Science, Vol. 253,
July 1991). Recent theories postulate that ultrasonic frequencies
provide directional cues to non-deaf brains as well. If proven, they
could have wide-ranging implications for any program designed for
placement, such as surround sound effects and sound mixes for various
media. Further exploration into human ultrasonic perception could
change the way manufacturers design their products. Many researchers
are keeping quiet, waiting for more data before presenting their
findings, but we're bound to hear more about this research, and S&VC
will, of course, present the news as it breaks. (Thanks to Dr. Paul
Mills, chief engineer at Tannoy Limited, for additional information.)
Any assistance, understanding, and cooperation on this matter are
greatly appreciated.
Thanks,
Radium